一 . ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯄꯥ
1. ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯚꯣꯜꯇ, ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯣꯏꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯚꯣꯜꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯚꯣꯜꯇꯀꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯇ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯛꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: AC +10%~-15%, DC +10%~-10%, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯏꯜ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯁꯁꯦꯝꯕꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
2. ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
3. ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯣꯏꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯏꯜ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯂꯥꯏꯅꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯀꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁꯥꯏꯗꯇꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
4. ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯨꯠ-ꯑꯣꯐ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯄꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
5. ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯕꯣꯗꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ →ꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ. ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯚꯦꯛꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
6. ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯃꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
7. ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯧ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯏꯂꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯏꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯦ꯫
8. ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯥꯏꯗꯇꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯅꯛꯂꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
2 . ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯏꯔ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ?
ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯄꯤꯗ ꯑꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ, ꯕꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯨꯏꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ DC ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯣꯏꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
(1) ꯋꯥꯏꯔ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯦꯊꯗ: ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯣꯏꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯕꯜ ꯀꯣꯏꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ, ꯂꯤꯗ ꯋꯥꯏꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ-ꯀꯣꯔꯅꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ-ꯀꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯍꯥꯎꯖꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯅꯤ꯫
(ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯐꯥꯏꯂꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯄꯜ ꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ) ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ꯫ 1 ꯇꯔꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯝ ꯐꯥꯏꯜ (x100) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ, (ꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯜ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯀꯣꯏꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ) 2, 1 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯪꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯦꯅꯣꯏꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯄꯨꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ Pre-ꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯜ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯠ-ꯑꯞ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯂꯥꯏꯟ 2 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 1 ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫
2) Power-ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯇꯥ: ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇ ꯋꯥꯏꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ 1 ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯝ ꯐꯥꯏꯜ (x100) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯞ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 4 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯜ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯣꯏꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ 220V AC ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ, ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯞ ꯑꯅꯤ 1 2 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ 1 4 ꯑꯁꯤ 220V ꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯩ꯫
꯳) ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯜ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯀꯣꯏꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯖꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ
ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯣꯏꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯠꯇꯒꯤ, ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 1ꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯣꯏꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ; ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣ-ꯄꯥꯁ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯚꯜꯌꯨꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 1ꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯅꯤ , ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯅꯣꯏꯗ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯜ ꯚꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧ꯫
